golang

Introduction In distributed systems, cascading failures are one of the most devastating failure modes. When a downstream service becomes slow or unresponsive, upstream services can exhaust their resources waiting for responses, causing a domino effect that brings down entire systems. The 2017 AWS S3 outage, which cascaded across multiple services and lasted nearly four hours, demonstrated how a single service failure can ripple through interconnected systems. Circuit breakers act as automatic safety switches that prevent cascading failures by detecting when a service is unhealthy and temporarily blocking requests to it.

Introduction API security isn’t optional—it’s fundamental. According to the 2023 State of API Security Report, 94% of organizations experienced API security incidents, with exposed APIs becoming the primary attack vector for data breaches. As APIs power everything from mobile apps to microservices architectures, a single vulnerability can cascade into system-wide failures, data leaks, or complete service disruption. Go’s combination of simplicity, performance, and robust concurrency makes it ideal for building secure APIs.

In today’s distributed systems landscape, services are interconnected through complex networks of API calls, database queries, and external service dependencies. When one service experiences issues, it can create a cascading failure that brings down entire systems. This is where the Circuit Breaker pattern becomes invaluable—acting as a protective mechanism that prevents failing services from overwhelming the entire system. The Circuit Breaker pattern, inspired by electrical circuit breakers, monitors service calls and “trips” when failures exceed a certain threshold, temporarily blocking requests to give the failing service time to recover.

Hassle-Free Prometheus on Bare Metal Monitoring bare metal infrastructure with Prometheus is notoriously challenging. Unlike cloud environments with built-in service discovery, bare metal deployments require manual configuration of scrape targets. Every time you add a server, you must update Prometheus configs, manage TLS certificates, and ensure exporters are accessible. This manual process is error-prone, time-consuming, and doesn’t scale. In this guide, we’ll build a production-ready service discovery system specifically designed for bare metal Prometheus deployments.

Container security has become a critical concern as organizations increasingly adopt containerized applications. With the rise of microservices and cloud-native architectures, Go applications running in containers face numerous security challenges, from vulnerable base images to misconfigurations that can expose sensitive data or provide attack vectors. This comprehensive guide explores how to implement robust security scanning, vulnerability management, and hardening strategies specifically tailored for Go applications. We’ll cover everything from choosing secure base images to implementing runtime security monitoring, ensuring your containerized Go applications maintain the highest security standards throughout their lifecycle.

Observability is the cornerstone of modern web applications. When your API starts experiencing issues at 3 AM, comprehensive logging can mean the difference between a quick fix and hours of frustrated debugging. In this guide, we’ll build a production-grade HTTP logging middleware for Gorilla Mux that goes beyond simple request logging to provide actionable insights into your application’s behavior. Why HTTP Logging Middleware Matters Every HTTP request tells a story. It carries information about who’s accessing your system, what they’re requesting, how long it takes, and whether it succeeds or fails.

Rate limiting is your application’s first line of defense against abuse, whether from malicious actors launching denial-of-service attacks, buggy clients stuck in retry loops, or legitimate users inadvertently overwhelming your system. Without proper rate limiting, a single misbehaving client can bring down your entire service, impacting all users and potentially costing your business significant revenue and reputation. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll build a production-grade rate limiting middleware for Go HTTP servers that protects your APIs while maintaining performance and flexibility.

A logging middleware is a piece of software that sits between the incoming request and the final handler function in a web application. Its primary purpose is to log information about each request that comes through the application.

This blog post will discuss how to use the OpenAI Chat API in Golang. For this purpose we will create a simple REPL (Read-Eval-Print-Loop) that will use the GPT-3 API to generate the responses.

No matter if you are creating a simple REST service or a complex one, you will need to handle panics to provide good resiliency and stability. Without panic recovery mechanisms in place, an uncaught panic in your HTTP handler will crash your entire server, leaving your clients without service and no meaningful error response.